Sugar
noun
A sand sugar is just sugar. Nom nom nom, sugar.
This is a jukugo word that uses the on'yomi readings of the kanji. You should be able to read this on your own.
Note when you stick this onto another word to specify a type of sugar, like きび砂糖 (cane sugar), this gets rendaku'd to ざとう.
コーヒーには砂糖を入れる派ですか？
Are you the type who likes sugar in your coffee?
彼の言葉は、いつも砂糖のようにあまかった。
His words were always as sweet as sugar.
いやいや、砂糖を忘れたプリンはデザートじゃなくただの卵料理だからね？
No, no — if you forget the sugar, pudding's not dessert anymore, it's just an egg dish, okay?
ブラウンシュガーは日本語では粗糖と呼ばれ、黒砂糖とは区別されます。
Brown sugar is called sotou in Japanese and it's different from muscovado sugar.