Antarctica
noun, の adjective
The extreme south is the extreme of south. It's about as south as you can go. That place is known as Antarctica.
This is a jukugo word, which usually means on'yomi readings from the kanji. If you know the readings of your kanji you'll know how to read this as well.
私の両親は、この夏に南極に行ってみることを決心しました。
My parents have decided to go to Antarctica this summer.